The Peace Premium

The peace premium refers to the economic returns generated when private sector investment actively contributes to conflict transformation rather than merely operating in spite of conflict. Developed by Jason Miklian and John Katsos (2025), the concept examines how impact investing, development finance, and commercial lending in fragile states can be structured to generate both financial returns and measurable peace outcomes.

Financial Returns from Peace

The peace premium framework shifts investor thinking from "managing risk in conflict zones" to "generating returns through conflict transformation." Unlike traditional approaches that view peace as a prerequisite for profitable operations, the peace premium argues that peace outcomes themselves can be engineered as an investment thesis.

Impact investors and development finance institutions can structure deals so that financial returns increase as peace indicators improve. This creates aligned incentives: investors benefit when businesses contribute measurably to community stabilization, security improvements, and institutional development.

Measurement and Implementation

The peace premium requires clear definitions of measurable peace outcomes—security metrics, institutional indicators, economic participation data—that can be tracked alongside traditional financial metrics. When properly structured, a loan facility in a fragile state might offer higher returns to investors whose capital catalyzes measurable improvements in rule of law, cross-community economic activity, or violence reduction.

This approach provides a new tool for mobilizing private capital toward peacebuilding, transforming the typical philanthropic or development finance model into one where financial gain and peace outcomes are directly correlated.

Primary Source

Miklian, Jason and John E. Katsos. "Unlocking the Peace Premium: Impact Investing and Development Finance in Fragile States." 2025.

Read on SSRN →

How to Cite

Miklian, Jason and John E. Katsos. "Unlocking the Peace Premium: Impact Investing and Development Finance in Fragile States." 2025.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Peace Premium?

The Peace Premium is a framework developed by Jason Miklian and John Katsos (2025) that refers to economic returns generated when private sector investment actively contributes to conflict transformation. It examines how impact investing, development finance, and commercial lending in fragile states can be structured to generate both financial returns and measurable peace outcomes.

How does the Peace Premium change investor thinking about conflict zones?

The peace premium framework shifts investor thinking from 'managing risk in conflict zones' to 'generating returns through conflict transformation.' Unlike traditional approaches that view peace as a prerequisite for profitable operations, the peace premium argues that peace outcomes themselves can be engineered as an investment thesis with financial returns increasing as peace indicators improve.

How are Peace Premium investments measured?

The peace premium requires clear definitions of measurable peace outcomes—security metrics, institutional indicators, and economic participation data—tracked alongside traditional financial metrics. A loan facility might offer higher returns to investors whose capital catalyzes measurable improvements in rule of law, cross-community economic activity, or violence reduction.

Jason Miklian is Senior Researcher at the University of Oslo, studying the intersection of business, peace, innovation, and artificial intelligence. This concept was developed in collaboration with John E. Katsos.