{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "DefinedTermSet", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/#set", "name": "Jason Miklian Research Concepts", "description": "Concepts originated or substantially advanced by Jason Miklian across business and peace, polycrisis, fragile states, and AI governance research.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/", "creator": { "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person", "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian" }, "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "hasDefinedTerm": [ { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/#term", "name": "Business-Peace Nexus", "termCode": "business-peace-nexus", "description": "A reconfiguration of the public/private divide in which private sector investment, employment, and community engagement decisions directly shape conflict dynamics. Replaces the older Business for Peace (B4P) framing of corporate philanthropy with structural analysis of the firm as a conflict actor.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/", "dateCreated": "2020", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Peer Schouten" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "The Business-Peace Nexus: 'Business for Peace' and the Reconfiguration of the Public/Private Divide in Global Governance", "datePublished": "2020", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Journal of International Relations and Development" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/the-businesspeace-nexus-business-for-peace-and-the-reconfiguration-of-the/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/five-assertions-business-peace/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-premium/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/war-torn-to-peace-torn/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/five-assertions-business-peace/#term", "name": "Five Assertions for How Businesses Create Peace", "termCode": "five-assertions-business-peace", "description": "Five mechanisms through which firms contribute to peace: providing economic stability, building cross-community social capital, modeling inclusive governance, supporting local peace infrastructure, and using supply chains to incentivize nonviolence.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/five-assertions-business-peace/", "dateCreated": "2018", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Mapping Business-Peace Interactions: Five Assertions for How Businesses Create Peace", "datePublished": "2018", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Business & Society" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/mapping-business-peace-five-assertions-for-how-businesses-create-peace/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-premium/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-premium/#term", "name": "Peace Premium", "termCode": "peace-premium", "description": "The economic returns generated when private sector investment actively contributes to conflict transformation rather than merely operating in spite of conflict. Encompasses impact investing, development finance, and commercial lending in fragile states structured to generate both financial returns and measurable peace outcomes.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-premium/", "dateCreated": "2025", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "John E. Katsos" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Unlocking the Peace Premium: An Evidence-Based Review of the Potentials and Pitfalls of Private Sector Finance for Peacebuilding", "datePublished": "2025", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Journal of Peacebuilding & Development" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/unlocking-the-peace-premium-an-evidence-based-review-of-the-potentials-and/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/war-torn-to-peace-torn/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/war-torn-to-peace-torn/#term", "name": "War-Torn to Peace-Torn", "termCode": "war-torn-to-peace-torn", "description": "The thesis that the transition from conflict to peace creates new and often unexpected costs for firms (land restitution, labor formalization, regulatory tightening) that can be as disruptive as the conflict itself. Firms adapted to wartime conditions must restructure to operate under peace.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/war-torn-to-peace-torn/", "dateCreated": "2019", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Angelika Rettberg" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "From War-Torn to Peace-Torn? Mapping Business Strategies in Transition from Conflict to Peace in Colombia", "datePublished": "2019", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Book", "name": "Business, Peacebuilding and Sustainable Development", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Routledge" } }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/from-war-torn-to-peace-torn-mapping-business-strategies-in-transition-from/", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.4324/9780429057229-6" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Angelika Rettberg" } ] }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-premium/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/slop-economy/#term", "name": "The Slop Economy", "termCode": "slop-economy", "description": "The degradation of information ecosystems caused by AI systems that embed their creators' worldviews and optimize for engagement over accuracy, generating low-effort algorithmically optimized content that disproportionately undermines democratic governance in the Global South.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/slop-economy/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kristian Hoelscher" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "A New Digital Divide? Coder Worldviews, the 'Slop Economy,' and Democracy in the Age of AI", "datePublished": "2026", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Information, Communication and Society" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/a-new-digital-divide-coder-worldviews-the-slop-economy-and-democracy-in-the-age/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/coder-worldviews/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/coder-worldviews/#term", "name": "Coder Worldviews", "termCode": "coder-worldviews", "description": "The embedded values, assumptions, and design choices that technologists encode into software systems and digital platforms. Because most AI development occurs in the Global North, Northern developers' assumptions shape technologies that affect populations worldwide, creating new forms of technological dependence and epistemic inequality.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/coder-worldviews/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kristian Hoelscher" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "A New Digital Divide? Coder Worldviews, the 'Slop Economy,' and Democracy in the Age of AI", "datePublished": "2026", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Information, Communication and Society" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/a-new-digital-divide-coder-worldviews-the-slop-economy-and-democracy-in-the-age/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/slop-economy/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/new-crisis-playbook/#term", "name": "New Crisis Playbook", "termCode": "new-crisis-playbook", "description": "A three-phase framework for business survival under polycrisis conditions: stabilization, adaptive pivoting, and community embedding. Firms that invested in community partnerships before crises hit recovered significantly faster than those that treated crisis as a discrete operational challenge.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/new-crisis-playbook/", "dateCreated": "2021", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "John E. Katsos" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "A New Crisis Playbook for an Uncertain World", "datePublished": "2021", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Harvard Business Review" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/writing/a-new-crisis-playbook-for-an-uncertain-world/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-innovation/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-innovation/#term", "name": "Peace Innovation", "termCode": "peace-innovation", "description": "An approach to peacebuilding that treats local entrepreneurship, technological adaptation, and grassroots innovation as primary peace mechanisms rather than as ancillary outputs of state-led peace processes.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/peace-innovation/", "dateCreated": "2019", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kristian Hoelscher" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "A New Research Approach for Peace Innovation", "datePublished": "2019", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Innovation and Development" }, "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/a-new-research-approach-for-peace-innovation/" }, "relatedLink": [ "https://miklian.org/concepts/new-crisis-playbook/", "https://miklian.org/concepts/business-peace-nexus/" ] }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/ai-slop-accusations/#term", "name": "AI Slop Accusations", "termCode": "ai-slop-accusations", "description": "Public claims in online discourse that a piece of writing is AI-generated, deployed as a pejorative (\"that's AI slop\"). Documented at scale across 25 million Hacker News and Reddit comments (2023-2026), the accusation register rose more than tenfold, consolidated around the slop frame, and functions as social gatekeeping of perceived authenticity rather than as accurate detection: prose features that statistically distinguish AI text do not predict which human text gets accused.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/ai-slop-accusations/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "John E. Katsos" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "“That’s AI Slop, You Bot!”: Studying Accusations, Evidence, and Credibility in Online Discourse Towards LLM-Generated Comments", "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/thats-ai-slop-you-bot-studying-accusations-evidence-and-credibility-in-online/", "datePublished": "2026", "sameAs": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.12073" } }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/scholarly-ai-gradient/#term", "name": "The Scholarly AI Gradient", "termCode": "scholarly-ai-gradient", "description": "A typology of seven scholarly knowledge activities ordered by AI capability: information retrieval and synthesis, conceptual development, interpretive judgment, normative reasoning, writing as thinking, collaborative reasoning, and autonomous research agency. AI capability is already substantial at one end of the gradient, while at the other the scholar's cognitive engagement constitutes the contribution itself. Grounds differentiated AI governance across epistemological traditions.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/scholarly-ai-gradient/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "What is an Academic Article For? The Production of Scholarly Work and its Meaning in an Agentic AI World", "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/what-is-an-academic-article-for-scholarly-work-agentic-ai/", "datePublished": "2026" } }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/ai-conflict-amplification/#term", "name": "AI Conflict Amplification", "termCode": "ai-conflict-amplification", "description": "The mechanism by which AI answer engines reproduce and intensify the world's uneven attention to armed conflict. Because engines assemble answers from whatever record is retrievable, conflicts with thin media coverage receive systematically less accurate answers: settled facts go unfound, disputed claims are stated as fact, and the engine repeats whatever thin or interested material fills the void. Documented across 5,460 scored answers from five leading engines about 28 conflicts; the failure mode is amplification of a degraded record rather than hallucination.", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/ai-conflict-amplification/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian", "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person" } ], "isBasedOn": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "How Artificial Intelligence LLM Engines Shape the Global Conflict Information Environment", "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/how-ai-llm-engines-shape-the-global-conflict-information-environment/", "datePublished": "2026" } }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/solar-extraversion/#term", "name": "Solar Extraversion", "termCode": "solar-extraversion", "description": "Solar extraversion is the use of renewable energy megaprojects to mobilize foreign resources in support of domestic political objectives, applying Jean-François Bayart's concept of extraversion to solar (Bayart 1989). Morocco's Noor Ouarzazate complex was backed by $2.5 billion in funding from international lenders and gave the country standing it deployed for its own objectives, among them energy security, a domestic solar sector, and support for its position on the Western Sahara. Morocco capitalized on donor preferences that already suited its plans, and the rents of that extraversion proved fragile (Schmoll, Miklian & Hoelscher 2026).", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/solar-extraversion/", "dateCreated": "2026", "creator": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Moritz Schmoll" }, { "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person", "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kristian Hoelscher" } ], "inDefinedTermSet": "https://miklian.org/concepts/", "subjectOf": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Solar extraversion: incumbent interests, foreign capital and the making of Morocco's megaproject strategy", "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2026.2726683", "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/solar-extraversion-incumbent-interests-foreign-capital-moroccos-megaproject-strategy/" } }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "@id": "https://miklian.org/concepts/polycrisis/#term", "name": "Polycrisis", "termCode": "polycrisis", "description": "Polycrisis is the condition in which several crises run at the same time and feed each other, so that a response built for one of them worsens another. A single emergency has a start, a response and an end; a polycrisis keeps starting while the earlier crises are still running, and recovery to the old normal stops being the goal. In Miklian and Katsos's work the term describes settings such as Lebanon, where weak political institutions, economic instability and disasters overlapped for years, and the Harvard Business Review crisis playbook, the Beirut SME study and the Crisis casebook all address it (Katsos and Miklian 2021; Maalouf, Miklian and Hoelscher 2025).", "url": "https://miklian.org/concepts/polycrisis/", "dateCreated": "2021", "creator": [ { "@id": "https://miklian.org/#person", "@type": "Person", "name": "Jason Miklian" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "John E. Katsos" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kristian Hoelscher" } ], "inDefinedTermSet": "https://miklian.org/concepts/", "subjectOf": { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Business Survival Strategies in a Polycrisis: SME Experiences from Beirut, Lebanon", "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2025.03.002", "url": "https://miklian.org/papers/business-survival-strategies-in-a-polycrisis-sme-experiences-from-beirut-lebanon/" } } ] }